James Hansen et al.’s explanation for why aerosol climate forcing isn’t measured directly, but rather indirectly via inferences from Earth’s Energy Imbalance: (Source: columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings…)
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@ryankatzrosene Hmmm. This doesn’t take into account the increase in marine heat waves in the North Pacific: “The PDO shifted back to its negative phase in 2020 (Fig. 8), which favors increased clouds and reduced absorption of solar radiation. Yet the post 2020 EEI has increased…”