Ion Martea @IonMartea

Discover the history of music through one unforgettable song per artist, from every country and every era. This volume spans 21 August 2019 to 7 August 2026. IM Apex Archive Volume 1 open.spotify.com/playlist/4wepD… ​#SpotifyPlaylist ​#MusicHistory ​#WorldMusic ​#MusicDiscovery ​#NewMusic

When Eadweard Muybridge trained his cameras on a buffalo in 1883, the species had already been reduced from sixty million to a few thousand. ‘Buffalo Running’ is no mere scientific record, it is cinema's earliest act of ecological conscience. In immorta... essential-films.co.uk/post/running-o…

Chronophotography found its successes in the United States in the 19th century. Within decades, the US transformed the medium into a national industry. Explore the Essential Films canon to uncover the American cinematic journey. 👉 Click for the full list: essential-films.co.uk/film?country=U…

Part of Eadweard Muybridge’s studies on locomotion, "Woman Hopping on One Foot" (1887) clearly demonstrates the scientific purpose of his work. Shot from the front, back, and side, the woman is seen hopping on her left foot, her body tilting slightly, w... essential-films.co.uk/film/woman-hop…

Horse gaits never ceased to feature as subject matter in Eadweard Muybridge’s output since his initial successes in California in 1878. Produced within a decade, "Man Riding Jumping Horse" (1887) was shot in Philadelphia, featuring Daisy passing over a ... essential-films.co.uk/film/man-ridin…

From the prehistory of film, animals have been featured in motion pictures. The ethical treatment of animals was only formally regulated nearly a century after the invention of the medium. Eadweard Muybridge’s "Chickens Scared by Torpedo" (1887) is an e... essential-films.co.uk/film/chickens-…

"Woman Jumping from Rock to Rock" (1887) is a collection of chronophotographic studies depicting, from different angles, a woman jumping on rocks, either bare-handed or holding various items. Whereas this sequence is rich in its diversity of scenes, it ... essential-films.co.uk/film/woman-jum…

Once experimentation moves into mass production, it is inevitable that some works suffer a decline in quality. "Crossing Brook on Step-Stones with Fishing Pole and Can" (1887) shows that Eadweard Muybridge envisaged an artistic role for moving images in... essential-films.co.uk/film/crossing-…

The 1880s were the decade in which chronophotography reigned supreme, culminating in the invention of film in 1888 by Louis Le Prince. Explore the Essential Films canon to discover these hidden gems. 👉 Click here for the full list: essential-films.co.uk/film?decade=18…

"Woman Throwing Baseball" (1887) is a collection of photographs depicting women repeating the action of kneeling to pick up a baseball and then throwing it high into the air. Featuring multiple female subjects of diverse ages and physiques, and captured... essential-films.co.uk/film/woman-thr…

"Boys Playing Leapfrog: Side View" (1887) was intended as a scientific study of human locomotion, following Muybridge’s "Athletes" series at Palo Alto Stock Farm. These photographs from Philadelphia, taken a few years later, exhibit significantly improv... essential-films.co.uk/film/boys-play…

Eadweard Muybridge must have been far more interested in artistic representation than in science when producing "Child Bringing Bouquet to Woman" (1887). There is ample movement that could serve the study of locomotion, but the emotional warmth of this ... essential-films.co.uk/film/child-bri…

"Capybara Walking" (1887) is one of Eadweard Muybridge’s more exotic works on animal locomotion. Commissioned by the University of Pennsylvania, this set of chronophotographic studies was deemed to have contributed to a number of biological sciences, fu... essential-films.co.uk/film/capybara-…

@swklibdems Yesterday at the Central West Housing Forum, none of the Labour councillors showed up. The Liberal Democrats candidates for North Walworth were there to listen to the local concerns of the residents that have all been ignored by their Labour elected officials for years!

Over time, Louis Le Prince’s "Man Walking Around the Corner" (1887) remains a simple yet ambitious experiment. A labourer, in soiled clothes, leaves his work, staring intensely at Le Prince’s sixteen-lens camera. The new device, unlike any of its predec... essential-films.co.uk/film/man-walki…

In 1882, Muybridge photographed two women sharing a kiss, and in doing so pushed the boundaries of what was morally acceptable to photograph. Revolutionary in technique and radical in subject, 'The Kiss' stands as a testament to human diversity, celebra... essential-films.co.uk/post/a-new-art…

Animator Émile Reynaud dominated moving-image output in France in 1878, producing thirty works that amazed and entertained. Explore the Essential Films canon to see how they rank. 👉 Click here for the full list: essential-films.co.uk/film?country=F…

Because parrots are swift fliers, Eadweard Muybridge’s ambition to record them using chronophotography invites admiration. "Cockatoo Flying" (1887) is an early example of a bird in flight. For the first time in history, scientists gained the opportunity... essential-films.co.uk/film/cockatoo-…

Eadweard Muybridge’s fascination with the nude resembles the concern classical artists had with the body. His "Woman Walking Downstairs" (1887) takes the simplicity of the act to celebrate human beauty within a new art-form. Conversely, a quarter of a c... essential-films.co.uk/film/woman-wal…

Étienne-Jules Marey had a towering impact on the development of cinema both technologically and aesthetically. His earliest work, "The Mechanical Man" (1885), is a curious and groundbreaking animation for its time. On the one hand, its tricks are meant ... essential-films.co.uk/film/the-mecha…